ON SOME METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO DETERMINING THE ESSENCE AND CONTENT
OF SOVIET SOCIAL POLICY IN THE VILLAGE (REFORM PERIOD 1950–1980s) 

Romanchenko Valeriy Yakovlevich, Doctor of historical sciences, professor, sub-department of socio-legal, humanitarian and pedagogical sciences, Saratov State Vavilov Agrarian University (1 Teatralnaya square, Saratov, Russia), E-mail: kseny1974@mail.ru
Nozhkina Irina Aleksandrovna, Candidate of sociological sciences, associate professor, sub-department of socio-legal, humanitarian and pedagogical sciences, Saratov State Vavilov Agrarian University (1 Teatralnaya square, Saratov, Russia), E-mail: kseny1974@mail.ru
Shmygina Oksana Nikolaevna, Candidate of historical sciences, associate professor, sub-department of socio-legal, humanitarian and pedagogical sciences, head of the University History Museum, Saratov State Vavilov Agrarian University (1 Teatralnaya square, Saratov, Russia), E-mail: kseny1974@mail.ru 

930.2:316.3 

DOI

10.21685/2072-3024-2019-2-6 

Background. The relevance of this publication is determined by the lack of methodological aspects of the impact of the party, the state and public organizations on a certain set of social processes, which in everyday practice are called social and due to insufficient attention in the study of this problem as a whole. The aim of the work is to analyze some methodological approaches to the definition of the essence and content of the Soviet social policy in the village, to consider the nature of the categories expressing it.
Materials and methods. The methodological basis of the study was based on the principles of historicism and objectivity. In the course of writing the paper used dialectical, systemic, comparative-historical and other methods to identify significant aspects and features of Soviet social policy in the village in the 1950–1980s.
Results. The model of social policy of the USSR which allows to reveal unequal access of various social groups to social wealth and tendencies in change of its position in indissoluble connection with the concept “agrarian policy of the state” as the Soviet social policy in the village in many respects was defined by the contents and features of agrarian policy of the state in concrete-historical period and was its component is investigated.
Conclusions. The analysis of the party-government decisions of the period 1950–1980-ies, reveals a wide range of activities aimed at the modernization of the economy of agriculture, improvement of social and living conditions of the peasantry, which had its positive results. At the same time, the agrarian policy of the 1950–1980s was often contradictory, insufficiently taking into account the specifics of the agriculture of certain regions, the peculiarities of the social situation in them, at the General theoretical, methodological level, it was a contradiction between the interests of certain social groups that stood at the leadership of the country and sought to preserve the former economic mechanism, and the urgent objective need for its radical modernization. 

Key words

Soviet social policy, Soviet state, social justice, social sphere of the village, social service, collective farm peasantry, agricultural workers, rural intelligentsia, rural life, Soviet village, agricultural policy of the state, methodology 

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